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Nonconceptus Mechanisms of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure That Disrupt Embryo-Fetal Development: An Integrative View

Key Takeaways

  • Alcohol targets not just the embryo and fetus (i.e., the conceptus) but also the mother, biological father, placenta, and maternal microbiome to further disrupt embryo–fetal development.
  • Alcohol reprograms the maternal enteric microbiota and causes persistent alterations in the offspring’s microbiota, with potentially adverse consequences for the offspring’s immune system, gut mucosa...

A Narrative Review of Alcohol Prevention Interventions Among Older Adults

Key Takeaways

  • Older adults born from 1924 to 1945 (The Silent Generation) had strong responses to primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohol prevention interventions, particularly those that involved a physician (i.e., a physician delivered the intervention or followed up regarding alcohol use), with multiple contacts over time, and across decades of life. However, Baby Boomers did not respond as...

Alcohol Use and Its Associations With Frailty, Fractures, and Falls Among Older Adults With HIV

Key Takeaways

  • The population of people with HIV (PWH) is rapidly aging and faces unique physical and mental health challenges.
  • Alcohol misuse (i.e., either drinking above recommended limits or presence of alcohol use disorder) is prevalent among older PWH and poses substantial risks to health.
  • Greater alcohol use is associated with higher risk of frailty, fractures, and falls among older PWH...

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Alcohol Consumption: Biological Mechanisms of Stress Resilience to Subsequent Alcohol Consumption

Key Takeaways

  • Susceptible versus resilient phenotypes appear across multiple preclinical models of stress, including stress periods in both early life and adulthood.
  • There are distinct sex differences in reactivity to stress and subsequent alcohol consumption behaviors.
  • Enhanced connectivity and neuroanatomic integrity in essential brain circuits may underlie resilience to stress and provide...

The Relationship Between Alcohol-Related Content on Social Media and Alcohol Outcomes in Young Adults: A Scoping Review

Key Takeaways

  • The results of this scoping review confirm strong positive links between posting alcohol-related content (ARC) and drinking and alcohol-related problems.
  • The findings in this review underscore the need for operationalization and standardized measures related to ARC.
  • The authors propose a theoretical model—the Dual-Feedback Loop Drinking and ARC Model—that may serve as a blueprint for...

Mechanisms Underlying Hazardous Alcohol Use After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Key Takeaways

  • Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) can result in behavioral and physiological symptoms that develop acutely and persist for years after the initial injury, including increased hazardous alcohol use.
  • Neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, neuroendocrine alterations, aberrant dopamine signaling, and deficits in executive function and reward-processing may contribute to the mechanisms by...
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