Text version of the flow diagram listing the genetic, neural, and behavioral changes associated with both maladaptive and adaptive stress responses

Flow diagram. Top level: Stress. Responses to stress include maladaptive stress response and adaptive stress response. Maladaptive stress response leads to susceptible phenotype, composed of Brain Activity: HPA axis dysregulation, increased VTA, mPFC, amygdala activity, and increased NAc, cingulate cortex volumes; Genetic Profile: increased expression of FKNP5 and CRH genes, decreased BDNF and IL-18 levels, increased CRH-R1 and CRH-R2 receptors, and Y1 receptor overexpression; Behavioral Response: increased ethanol intake, increased anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, and passive coping. Adaptive stress response leads to resilient phenotype, composed of Brain Activity: balanced HPA axis regulation and controlled CORT levels, mPFC activation, increased NPY and Y2 receptor activity in BNST; Genetic Profile: increased BDNF levels, FKBP5 dysregulation, and Y2 receptor overexpression; Behavioral Response: increased ethanol intake, attenuated anxiety responses post-stress, and active/defensive coping.

Back to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Alcohol Consumption: Biological Mechanisms of Stress Resilience to Subsequent Alcohol Consumption.